CirculeID

Digital Product Passport infrastructure

One product record.
Every regulation that asks for it.

CirculeID issues Digital Product Passports on GS1 Digital Link and W3C Verifiable Credentials. ESPR, the EU Battery Regulation, CSRD, EUDR and PPWR are answered from the same evidence — not five parallel data collection projects.

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ESPR
Phased 2026–2030Per product group, by delegated act
Battery passport
February 2027LMT, EV and industrial above 2 kWh
Built on
GS1 · W3CDigital Link, EPCIS 2.0, VC 2.0
Digital Product Passport
VERIFIED

GS1 Digital Link

id.circuleid.com/01/09506000134352

Product
Merino Crew Knit
GTIN
09506000134352
Material composition
82% RWS merino · 18% recycled PA
Carbon footprint
14.2 kg CO₂e · ISO 14067
Recycled content
18.4% by mass
End-of-life route
Take-back · fibre-to-fibre
did:web:circuleid.com · EcoDesignCredential · ES256

Illustrative passport record. Field coverage follows the ESPR delegated act for the product group.

Definition

What is a Digital Product Passport?

A Digital Product Passport is a structured, machine-readable record of a product's materials, origin, carbon footprint, repairability and end-of-life handling, accessed by scanning a QR code or NFC tag. Under the EU Ecodesign for Sustainable Products Regulation, passports become mandatory per product group through delegated acts phased from 2026 to 2030.

CirculeID turns that requirement into an asset. One passport satisfies the ESPR, the EU Battery Regulation, CSRD, EUDR and PPWR from a single product record — and gives your customers a reason to scan it.

Built on the standards regulators recognise

  • EU Ecodesign for Sustainable Products Regulation (EU) 2024/1781
  • EU Battery Regulation (EU) 2023/1542
  • Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive (EU) 2022/2464
  • EU Deforestation Regulation (EU) 2023/1115
  • Packaging and Packaging Waste Regulation (EU) 2025/40
  • GS1 Digital Link
  • GS1 EPCIS 2.0
  • W3C Verifiable Credentials 2.0
  • W3C Decentralized Identifiers

The mandate

The deadlines that decide when this becomes your problem

Digital Product Passports are not arriving as one launch date. They arrive product group by product group, through delegated acts, each with its own lead time.

  1. EUDR (EU) 2023/1115

    in force

    Deforestation-free due diligence with plot-level geolocation for the commodities in scope.

  2. CSRD (EU) 2022/2464

    phased

    Audited sustainability disclosure under the ESRS, phased by company size and listing status.

  3. ESPR (EU) 2024/1781

    phased

    Digital Product Passports per product group via delegated acts, iron and steel expected first. Each act allows about 18 months before enforcement.

  4. Battery Regulation (EU) 2023/1542

    adopted

    Battery passport becomes mandatory for LMT, EV and industrial batteries above 2 kWh.

  5. ESPR delegated acts

    phased

    Remaining priority product groups phased in, extending passport requirements across most of the goods sold in the EU.

Dates reflect the instruments as adopted. Delegated acts under the ESPR are still being made; we track them as they are published and flag which of your products fall in scope.

The platform

What a passport needs behind it

Issuing a compliant passport is the visible part. The rest of the platform is what keeps it true for the ten or fifteen years the product is in service.

Implementation

From product data to an issued passport

Most of the work is mapping data you already hold. The passport itself is generated, not authored.
  1. 01

    Map your product data

    Connect ERP, PLM and carbon accounting systems. CirculeID maps existing fields onto the CIRPASS-aligned model and reports what is still missing for your product group.

  2. 02

    Collect the evidence

    Suppliers submit composition, sourcing and conformity evidence. Each assertion is signed by the party making it, so its origin survives the audit.

  3. 03

    Issue the passport

    The record is published behind a GS1 Digital Link identifier and a data carrier — QR, NFC or RFID — that resolves to the right view for whoever scans it.

  4. 04

    Keep it current

    Repairs, resale, take-back and recycling write back to the same identity, and new delegated acts arrive as mapping changes rather than re-implementations.

One passport, five views

Transparency does not mean publishing your supplier list

A CirculeID passport has one identity and role-scoped views over it. The consumer scanning a QR code and the regulator auditing the same product see different slices of the same record, resolved from their credentials.
How role-based access works
Passport data categories and the access each role has to them
Data categoryConsumerRetailerRecyclerRegulatorBrand
Identity and originGTIN, model, manufacture date, country of assemblyOpenOpenOpenOpenOpen
Care, repair and take-backInstructions, spare parts, return routesOpenOpenOpenOpenOpen
Material compositionDeclared composition and recycled contentOn requestOn requestOpenOpenOpen
Substances of concernREACH-SCIP declarations and safe handlingOn requestOn requestOpenOpenOpen
Disassembly instructionsSequence, fasteners, hazardous component locationsRestrictedRestrictedOpenOn requestOpen
Supplier identitiesTier-n facility names and site identifiersRestrictedRestrictedRestrictedOn requestOpen
Cost and commercial termsNever part of the passport recordRestrictedRestrictedRestrictedRestrictedOpen

Illustrative default policy. Access is configured per product group and per regulation; where a delegated act requires a field to be public, the policy cannot be set to restrict it.

Architecture

Six layers, none of them ours

CirculeID implements published standards rather than inventing a proprietary model. That is what makes the passport portable: if you leave, the data still resolves, still verifies, and still means the same thing.
The standards we implement

  1. Regulatory reporting

    ESPR · Battery Regulation · CSRD · EUDR · PPWR

    Each regulation is a projection of the record below it, not a separate dataset to collect.

  2. Passport data model

    CIRPASS · CEN-CENELEC JTC 24

    The field definitions the delegated acts are converging on, so a new requirement is a mapping rather than a rebuild.

  3. Verifiable claims

    W3C Verifiable Credentials 2.0

    Recycled content, chain of custody and conformity signed by the party asserting them. Verifiable without trusting CirculeID.

  4. Supply chain events

    GS1 EPCIS 2.0

    What happened, to which object, where, when and why — the interoperable event vocabulary the industry already uses.

  5. Issuer identity

    W3C Decentralized Identifiers

    Each issuing party has a resolvable identity, so a signature can be checked years after the product was made.

  6. Product identity and carrier

    GS1 Digital Link

    A QR code, NFC tag or RFID that resolves to the passport — one identifier that works in retail, logistics and the web.

Market and mandate

The numbers behind the deadline

Projected Digital Product Passport platform market by 2030
$1.8BProjected Digital Product Passport platform market by 2030DPP Platforms Research Report, 2026-05
Compound annual growth rate of the DPP platform market
46%Compound annual growth rate of the DPP platform marketDPP Platforms Research Report, 2026-05
From an ESPR delegated act being adopted to enforcement
18 monthsFrom an ESPR delegated act being adopted to enforcementRegulation (EU) 2024/1781, 2024-06
Battery passport becomes mandatory in the EU
Feb 2027Battery passport becomes mandatory in the EURegulation (EU) 2023/1542, 2023-07

Scope

Which regulation applies to your products?

Each regulation demands a different slice of the same underlying product data. CirculeID collects it once and reports it many ways.
EU regulations requiring product-level data, what each requires, and when it applies
RegulationWhat it requiresWhen it applies
ESPR (EU) 2024/1781A Digital Product Passport per product group, defined by delegated actsPhased 2026–2030; iron and steel expected first
Battery Regulation (EU) 2023/1542Battery passport for LMT, EV and industrial batteries above 2 kWhFrom February 2027
CSRD (EU) 2022/2464Audited sustainability disclosure under the ESRS standardsPhased, already in force
EUDR (EU) 2023/1115Deforestation-free due diligence with plot-level geolocationIn force
PPWR (EU) 2025/40Packaging recyclability and recycled-content thresholdsPhased
WEEE 2012/19/EUTake-back, treatment and reporting for electrical equipmentIn force

Answers

Frequently asked questions

What is a Digital Product Passport?

A Digital Product Passport is a structured, machine-readable record of a product's materials, origin, carbon footprint, repairability and end-of-life handling. It is accessed by scanning a data carrier such as a QR code, NFC tag or RFID tag, and it follows the product across its entire lifecycle.

When does the EU require a Digital Product Passport?

The Ecodesign for Sustainable Products Regulation (EU) 2024/1781 introduces passports product group by product group through delegated acts, phased from 2026 to 2030, with iron and steel expected first. Each delegated act allows roughly 18 months before enforcement begins. The EU Battery Regulation (EU) 2023/1542 requires a battery passport from February 2027.

Which data must a Digital Product Passport contain?

Every passport must cover material composition and sourcing, durability and repairability, carbon footprint and emissions, substances of concern, and end-of-life handling instructions. The precise fields are confirmed per product group in its delegated act, which is why CirculeID maps your data to a standards-based model rather than a fixed form.

Do consumers, recyclers and regulators see the same data?

No. A CirculeID passport has one identity and five role-scoped views. Consumers scan and see care, repair and take-back information with no login. Recyclers see disassembly and hazardous substance data. Regulators see the full compliance dataset with its evidence chain. Commercial data stays restricted to the brand and its suppliers.

What standards does CirculeID build on?

GS1 Digital Link for resolvable product identity, GS1 EPCIS 2.0 for supply-chain events, W3C Verifiable Credentials 2.0 and Decentralized Identifiers for tamper-evident claims, and a data model aligned with CIRPASS and CEN-CENELEC JTC 24. Using open standards means your passport data remains portable rather than locked to one vendor.

How is a claim in a passport verified?

Claims such as recycled content are issued as W3C Verifiable Credentials, cryptographically signed by the party making the assertion. A regulator or customer can verify the signature independently, without trusting CirculeID as an intermediary. That is the difference between a stored claim and a verifiable one.

Can CirculeID connect to our existing ERP or PLM?

Yes. CirculeID is not a replacement for your ERP, PLM or carbon accounting system — it sits above them. Data flows in through the REST API, webhooks and prebuilt integrations, so the passport becomes a view over systems you already run rather than another place to key data in twice.

What happens if a regulation changes after we launch?

Passport data is stored against a standards-based model, not a fixed regulatory form, so a new requirement becomes a mapping change rather than a re-implementation. CirculeID tracks delegated acts as they are adopted and flags which of your products fall in scope and which fields are still missing.

Index

Explore the platform

Next step

Give every product a verifiable identity

Bring one product group. We map your existing data, show you the passport it produces, and tell you which fields the delegated act still needs.

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No integration required for the first passport.